Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) is a thermal analysis technique used to study how materials absorb or release heat as their temperature changes. It works by heating or cooling a sample and a reference material at the same rate, then measuring the difference in heat flow between them. This reveals important information about physical and chemical transitions such as melting, crystallization, glass transition, curing, and thermal stability. DSC is widely applied in polymers, pharmaceuticals, food science, and materials research to assess purity, composition, stability, and performance. Because it provides precise data on thermal properties and phase changes, DSC is an essential tool for product development, quality control, and regulatory testing.