X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) is a non-destructive analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of materials. It works by bombarding a sample with high-energy X-rays, which causes atoms in the material to emit secondary (fluorescent) X-rays. Each element produces X-rays at characteristic energies, allowing precise identification and quantification.

XRF is widely applied in geology, mining, metallurgy, cement, environmental testing, and quality control across industries. It is especially useful for detecting metals, minerals, and trace elements in solids, powders, and liquids. Because it requires little to no sample preparation, delivers rapid results, and preserves the sample, XRF has become a preferred tool for routine elemental analysis and on-site testing.